Alimentos impulsionaram inflação com alta de 1,26% em junho

1941

Impulsionada pela variação dos preços dos alimentos, a inflação medida pelo Índice Nacional de Preços ao Consumidor Amplo (IPCA) fechou o mês de junho com alta de 1,26%, a maior taxa para o mês desde os 2,26% de junho de 1995.

Os dados relativos ao IPCA, a inflação oficial do país, foram divulgados hoje (6), pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Os 1,26% relativos ao IPCA de julho significam uma variação de preços 0,86 ponto percentual acima do 0,40% registrado em maio e é, segundo o IBGE, a primeira vez desde os 1,27% de janeiro de 2016 que o índice fica acima de 1,0%.

Com o resultado de julho, o IPCA acumulado no ano passou a 2,60%, ficando acima dos 1,18% registrado em igual período do ano passado. Já a taxa acumulada nos últimos 12 meses subiu para 4,39%, contra os 2,86% registrados nos 12 meses imediatamente anteriores. Em junho do ano passado, a taxa fechou com deflação (inflação negativa) de 0,23%.

Com índice de 2,03%, o grupo alimentação e bebidas, o que mais influenciou o resultado, foi responsável por 0,50 ponto percentual da composição da taxa no mês. As principais altas ficaram com o leite longa vida (de 2,65% em maio para 15,63% em junho) e o frango inteiro (de -0,99% em maio para 8,02% em junho).

Entre os nove grupos de produtos e serviços pesquisados, apenas vestuário, fechou o mês de junho com inflação negativa: 0,16%. O grupo comunicação fechou o mês com estabilidade de preços, com variação de 0,0%.

Todos os outros fecharam com alta de preços em relação a maio, com destaque para habitação, cuja alta foi de 2,48% e transportes (1,58%). Juntos, alimentação e bebidas, habitação e transportes concentraram aproximadamente 60% das despesas das famílias e foram os que mais influenciaram o IPCA de junho, com 1,18 ponto percentual de impacto – cerca de 93% do IPCA de junho.

Influência dos grupos

O grupo alimentação e bebidas teve forte aceleração de preços de maio para junho, ao passar de 0,32% para 2,03%. Desde os 2,28% de janeiro de 2016, que o grupo não apresentava taxas acima de 2,0% e, para os meses de junho, desde os 2,11% de junho de 2008. Segundo o IBGE, a alta em junho “foi reflexo da paralisação dos caminhoneiros ocorrida no final de maio, que também impactou o grupo Transportes, que fechou em alta de 1,58%.

O grupo de alimentos para consumo em domicílio subiu 3,09% após variar 0,36% em maio. As principais altas ficaram com a batata-inglesa (de 17,51% em maio para 17,16% em junho), o leite longa vida (de 2,65% em maio para 15,63% em junho), o frango inteiro (de -0,99% em maio para 8,02% em junho) e as carnes (de -0,38% em maio para 4,60% em junho).

Também com alta expressiva em junho, o grupo habitação (2,48%), teve como destaque o item energia elétrica, com variação de preço que chegou a 7,93%, praticamente o dobro dos 3,53% de maio, e o maior impacto individual do mês (0,29 ponto percentual). A alta se deve ao fato de que, desde 1º de junho está em vigor a bandeira tarifária vermelha patamar 2, que adicionou R$ 0,05 a cada kwh consumido.

Contribuíram também para a alta das tarifas de energia, o gás encanado, com variação de 2,37%; o gás de botijão, com alta de 4,08% e 0,05 ponto percentual de contribuição; além da alta de 1,10% na taxa de água e esgoto.

Nos transportes, contribuíram para a alta de 1,58%, a gasolina com variação de 5,0%, contribuiu com 0,22 ponto percentual; e o etanol (com alta de 4,22% e contribuição de 0,04 ponto percentual.

Regiões

O maior índice regional do IPCA ficou com a região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, com alta de 1,86%; seguido de Curitiba, com 1,56%; Recife (1,47%); Porto Alegre (1,43%); Aracaju, (1,31%); São Luiz (1,30%); e Vitória, com 1,29% – todas com inflação superior à media nacional de 1,26%.

Belém registrou a menor taxa do IPCA em junho, com variação de 0,60%. No Rio de Janeiro a taxa variou 1,20% e em São Paulo (1,11%).

O IPCA é o índice que serve de parâmetro para o plano de balizamento de metas inflacionárias fixados pelo Conselho Monetário Nacional (CMN), que este ano é de 4,5%, com uma margem de tolerância de 1,5 ponto percentual para cima ou para baixo.

O IPCA é calculado pelo IBGE desde 1980, e se refere às famílias com rendimento monetário de 1 a 40 salários e abrange dez regiões metropolitanas do país, além de Brasília e dos municípios de Goiânia, Campo Grande, Rio Branco, São Luís e Aracaju.

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